Praxilabs

  Learning Objectives To apply the sterile technique while growing the bacterial culture. To perform properly the steps of  how to isolate plasmid DNA from bacteria  using the  plasmid extraction  alkaline lysis method  for plasmid isolation protocol. To understand the role of the devices, the reagents, and the enzymes used in the  plasmid extraction by alkaline lysis method . To implement proper storage of samples  to understand the purpose of plasmid isolation.

Grignard reagents can be prepared by the reaction of magnesium and alkyl halides (halogenoalkane) or aryl halides in an ether solvent (diethyl ether). The flask is fitted with a reflux condenser, and the mixture is warmed over a water bath for 15-30 minutes.  Grignard preparation  must be carried out in the ether for two reasons as ether stabilizes the Grignard compound. Moreover, ethers are not protic solvents, which would destroy the Grignard compound. Tetrahydrofuran solvent is another popular choice of solvent for the synthesis of Grignard reagents. Everything must be perfectly dry because Grignard reagents react with water.

Fischer esterification reaction is used through which esters can be prepared by refluxing a carboxylic acid with either primary or secondary alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, commonly concentrated sulfuric acid to push the reaction forward.

Friedel crafts reaction is used for either alkylation or acylation of aromatic rings through electrophilic substitution reaction. Friedel crafts reaction is used for either alkylation or acylation of aromatic rings through electrophilic substitution reaction.  

The In vitro acid phosphate cell viability assay   experiment aims at quantifying the amount of acid phosphatase activity on the cell membrane of viable cells using a microplate reader.